| Automation |
Conditional Driving Automation. The car can perform the full dynamic driving task (steering, braking, accelerating) under specific, limited conditions (called the Operational Design Domain, or ODD). |
| Hands-Off |
Yes. The driver is permitted to take their hands off the steering wheel. |
| Eyes-Off |
Yes. The driver is permitted to take their eyes off the road and engage in secondary activities (like watching a video or checking email). This is the key difference from Level 2. |
| Driver Role |
Fallback-Ready User. The driver must remain present and mentally prepared to take over control when the system issues an alert or "request to intervene." |
| Liability |
When the system is active, the manufacturer/system is generally liable for crashes. When the driver is requested to take over, or if they override the system, the driver is liable.
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