The Chinese Student Protection Act of 1992 (CSPA)

The Chinese Student Protection Act of 1992 (CSPA) was a U.S. immigration law that granted permanent residency to certain Chinese nationals who had been residing in the United States since April 11, 1990, following the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. Signed into law by President George H.W. Bush on October 9, 1992, the Act provided a pathway to permanent residence for approximately 50,000 to 80,000 Chinese nationals, solidifying an earlier Executive Order 12711 from 1990.