【一句话翻译提高智商】 美国疫情现状： 答案，要点，语法

大家好！请把下面这句中文用一句话翻译成英文：

周一，美国达到了一个严峻的里程碑，确认了超过1000万例病例，并且几乎每个州的病例数都在继续增加。

 

@11:37pm Eastern time, 公布标准答案如下：

答案：On Monday, the United States hit a grim milestone with more than 10 million

cases confirmed and the number continuing to rise in nearly every state. 

 

关键表达：

hit  verb. (of a missile or a person aiming one) strike (a target).  达到

grim adj. unrelentingly harsh; merciless or severe.  严峻的

milesone：n. a significant event or stage in the life, progress, development, or the like of  a person, nation, etc. 里程碑

10 million： 1千万

语法要点：

with 复合结构:   with more than 10 million cases confirmed  and the number continuing to （with 名词 过去分词 （被动）, with 名词 现在分词（主动）)

 

语法： 独立主格结构 （含with 结构, 独立主格形式之一）

独立主格结构

此独立形式只是一个小短语，而不是主谓完整的简单句，又称之为独立分词构句。当分词意义上的主语不是主句的主语时，必须在分词前保留意义上的主语，否则语意不通。（定义有点费解，多看几遍）

示例：

Being ill in bed, I can't go to school.

Mother being ill in bed, I can't go to school.

（1） 独立主结构形式可用以表时间，理由，条件，伴随状态等

He lay on the grass, the sun shining upon him.

= He lay on the grass, and the sun was shining upon him.

 

Weather permitting, I'll start tomorrow.

= If weather permits, I'll start tomorrow.

 

School being over, the boys went home.

= When school was over, the boys went home.

 

The sun having set, we arrived at the station.

= After the sun had set, we arrived at the station.

 

王牌重点：当独立主格结构的主语表示“一般人”，如：we, one, you时，主语可省略，此用法常用于下列表达方式中：

generally speaking 一般来说

strictly speaking 严格地说

talking of ... 谈到

speaking of ... 说到

judging from ... 由……来判断

taking all things into consideration 把一切都考虑在内

considering ... 考虑到……

[示例]：

If we judge from his face, he must be ill.

= Judging from his face, he must be ill.

He has lots of books if we consider that he is young.

= He has lots of books, considering that he is young. 

（2）with 复合结构也是独立主格结构形式之一。这种结构在句中作状语（表示原因，方式，伴随等）和定语，作定语时紧随被修饰名词后。

1．with 名词 介词短语：

The woman with a baby on her back is my sister.

The boy rushed into the room, with his schoolbag in his hand.

2．with 名词 adj.

with the door open, he left the classroom.

3．with 名词 adv.

With the gloves off, she felt cold.

With the lights on, the building looks beautiful.

4．with 名词 现在分词（主动）

with 名词 过去分词（被动）

With the guide leading us, we got to the village.

The boy was crying with the vase broken.

5．with 名词 不定式 

With the hard work to be done, we have to prepare for it.

转自：http://www.qiewo.com/html/20091115/26675.html