【德国外交政策】东土耳其斯坦的未来

【09.07.07德国外交政策】东土耳其斯坦的未来


来源地址: http://www.german-foreign-policy.com/de/fulltext/57570

译者 medien

东土耳其斯坦，Renaya，德国，中国（本站报道）柏林利用中国西部地区新疆的骚乱来加强对北京的攻击。绿党主席 Claudia Roth要求，人民共和国必须着手对流血冲突给出“快速且没有保留的解释。有影响力的德国媒体认为北京的少数民族政策是“失败的”，并认为中国正处在“爆发”前夕。维吾尔分离主义者多年来已和德国保持着紧密的联系，他们在周末以反中国的屠杀的方式实施了谋杀性质的暴乱。领导这次暴乱的是位于慕尼黑的世界维吾尔大会，它致力于在西方为维吾尔费力政策争取支持。该组织在五月已经在其最近的会员大会上确定了它的下一步行动计划，举行了外交事务听证会。这个世界维吾尔大会在这次骚乱之前不久刚刚呼吁进行针对北京的游行示威。根据来自北京的报道，该组织为周末发生的血腥暴力负责。

这次在中国西部新疆自治区首府乌鲁木齐的骚乱中，至少150人在周末丧生。该地区的紧张自不幸发生之后在不断增加。几年九月是新疆重回中华人民共和国的六十周年纪念日。维吾尔分离主义者想为此抗议。维吾尔人是在新疆生活的穆斯林少数民族，他们将突厥语；其中的一些人想让新疆成为另一个中亚地区的土耳其语地区“东土耳其斯坦”。脱离人民共和国是以此为前提的。新疆的紧张情势被在六月底发生于中国南部的维族和其他中国人之间发生的暴力冲突之后变得更加严峻，在该冲突中，两个维吾尔人被丧生。周末，乌鲁木齐的维吾尔人开始了现在的反中国人的大屠杀并用木棒、石头和刀攻击非维吾尔人以及他们的房屋和交通工具。多少非维吾尔人在屠杀当中，以及多少维吾尔人在中国安全部队在镇压攻击当中死亡，目前还不清楚。

解决办法

总部位于慕尼黑的一个组织：世界维吾尔大会，参与了紧张形势的升级，并可能号召了周末的反中国屠杀。该协会指挥在西方流亡的维吾尔人并在五月底举行了它的第三次会员大会――在华盛顿。

与此相关联的是该组织和美国国家民主基金会（NED）一起举行了“人权大会”，该次会议也制订了“东土耳其斯坦的未来解决方案”。

在与会的发言名单中有一个德国支持被威胁民众协会（GfbV）的代表。美国国会医院的与会激励了维吾尔分离主义者，以至于世界维吾尔大会此后在七月初呼吁，以六月底在南中国发生的冲突中死亡的两个维吾尔人为理由在世界范围内的中国大使馆前面进行游行示威抗议。

据中国新华社报道，按照游行号召而在互联网上散布的呼吁是，现在是要“更勇敢”和“做些大事”－隐晦的语言，被理解成导致暴力行为的变相的鼓动。


排在前列的

世界维吾尔大会建立于几十年的德国－美国反对中国的合作背景之上。著名的分离主义者Erkin Alptekin在该组织的成立过程中起到了重要的作用；他的家族在维吾尔人的圈子力享有很高的声望。Alptekin在1971年定居于慕尼黑并在此作为“高级政策顾问”为美国广播机构自由广播的总裁做顾问――这个时候，正是美国的间谍机构CIA开始同维吾尔分离主义者建立联系的时候。“他们当中的几个 ，如Erkin Alptekin，曾经为慕尼黑的CIA自由广播电台工作过”，分析家B. Raman写到，当时的印度政府内阁秘书，“那个时期处在最前沿的是分离运动”。Alptekin是世界维吾尔大会的创始主席，该大会2004年四月在慕尼黑成立，根据北京的信息和恐怖团伙保持着联系。AC四月青年社区) l3 ^9 e6 p& \\6 ]4 ]. d

在外交机构

Alptekins的继任者Rebiya Kadeer，中国1990年底最富有的女商人，自2005年以来以流亡者的身份生活在美国。2006年十一月她在慕尼黑被选为世界维吾尔大会的主席，并借此第一次访问了柏林。仅仅一年之后，2007年10月，她就和政党相关的基金会的代表以及联邦议会的人权委员会建立了联系，并在外交部进行了商谈。她被系统地塑造成为维吾尔人的对外展示的公关形象――按照达赖喇嘛的榜样塑造的，达赖喇嘛为西藏分离主义做同情广告。Rebiya Kadeer （“维吾尔人的母亲”）曾经多次获得诺贝尔和平奖提名，她的生平曾在联邦新闻记者会（译者注：联邦即德国）上被介绍过，那时还在德国媒体上得到了相应的关注。


三个民族

德国媒体有目的地指出，这个受到分离主义者威胁的地区新疆对中国来说有着重要的意义：它是通往中亚的地理战略桥梁，并矿产丰富。尤其是当地估计有大量的石油和天然气储量，在新疆还能发现金和铀。首要的是，维吾尔分离主义者绝对不能被孤立。

这些分离主义者除了和西方政府保持者联系之外，还和来自西藏和内蒙古自治区支持分离的人保持者良好的关系。“我们三个民族通过地理和历史彼此相连，而且现在也通过中国的占领而联系在一起”，达赖拉曼在1990年代末强调：“我很乐观，在不久的将来，东土耳其斯坦、内蒙古和西藏人民的渴望能够得以实现”。柏林给维吾尔分离主义者带来的公众同情的原因在于，有望通过将从西藏到新疆，直到内蒙古巨大的国土部分分离出去能将（译者注：德国的）战略对手中国极大地削弱。

The Future of East-Turkestan 2009/07/07
BEIJING/URUMQI/MUNICH (Own report) - Berlin is using the riots in the Xinjiang region in western China to launch strong attacks against Beijing. Claudia Roth, Chairperson of the German Green Party, is demanding that the People\'s Republic initiate speedy and unconditional investigations into the bloody conflicts. Influential media in Germany are declaring Beijing\'s minorities\' policy to be a failure, saying that China is confronted with an explosion. Uyghur separatists, who, with their anti-Han pogrom started the bloody riots last weekend, have maintained close ties to Germany for years. Their Munich-based representative, the World Uyghur Congress, has been active winning western support for Uyghur secessionist policy. During its last general assembly, held last May in Washington, the organization planned its next steps. They also have the ear of the German Foreign Ministry. The World Uyghur Congress had called for anti-Beijing demonstrations preceding these riots. According to Chinese reports, the Congress is behind last weekend\'s bloody violence. more


The Future of East-Turkestan 2009/07/07
BEIJING/URUMQI/MUNICH (Own report) - Berlin is using the riots in the Xinjiang region in western China to launch strong attacks against Beijing. Claudia Roth, Chairperson of the German Green Party, is demanding that the People\'s Republic initiate speedy and unconditional investigations into the bloody conflicts. Influential media in Germany are declaring Beijing\'s minorities\' policy to be a failure, saying that China is confronted with an explosion. Uyghur separatists, who, with their anti-Han pogrom started the bloody riots last weekend, have maintained close ties to Germany for years. Their Munich-based representative, the World Uyghur Congress, has been active winning western support for Uyghur secessionist policy. During its last general assembly, held last May in Washington, the organization planned its next steps. They also have the ear of the German Foreign Ministry. The World Uyghur Congress had called for anti-Beijing demonstrations preceding these riots. According to Chinese reports, the Congress is behind last weekend\'s bloody violence.
At least 150 people died in last weekend\'s riots in Urumqi, capital of China\'s northwest Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Tensions had been growing for quite some time in that region. In September, Uyghur separatists are planning protests for the 60th anniversary of Xinjiang\'s reintegration into the People\'s Republic of China. The Turkic speaking Uyghur, are a Muslim minority living in Xinjiang. Some of them are striving to merge Xinjiang as East-Turkestan with other Turkic language territories in Central Asia and consider it\'s secession from the People\'s Republic of China a prerequisite. The tensions in Xinjiang had intensified at the end of June, when two Uyghurs were killed in the violent conflict that erupted between Uyghurs and other Chinese in Southern China. Last weekend Uyghurs started an anti-Chinese pogrom in Urumqi, attacking non-Uyghurs, their homes and their cars with clubs, stones and knives. It is not known how many non-Uyghurs were killed during the pogroms and how many Uyghurs died at the hands of Chinese security forces, suppressing the riots.
Solutions
An organization based in Munich, the World Uyghur Congress, is escalating tensions and most likely is also behind the calls for last weekend\'s ethnic pogroms. This organization is directing the Uyghurs living in exile in the west. It held its third general assembly at the end of Mai - in Washington. In this context, it, in cooperation with the US-American National Endowment for Democracy (NED), also organized a human rights conference focusing on solutions for the future of East-Turkestan. A representative of the German Society for Threatened Peoples (Gesellschaft für bedrohte V246;lker - GfbV) was listed among the speakers. The participation of US parliamentarians at the event[1] was very motivating for the Uyghur separatists. Subsequently, at the beginning of July, the World Uyghur Congress called for demonstrations in front of Chinese embassies around the world, under the pretext of protesting the deaths of two Uyghurs during the conflict in late June in southern China. According to the Chinese Xinhua news agency, the calls for the demonstrations were followed by appeals via internet, to be braver and to do something big - catch words that can be understood as a veiled instigation to violent action in Xinjiang.[2]
On the Forefront
The World Uyghur Congress draws on decades of anti-Chinese German-US cooperation. One of the founders of this organization is the prominent secessionist Erkin Alptekin, whose family is held in high esteem in Uyghur circles. He moved to Munich in 1971, where he became Senior Policy Advisor to the director of the US Radio Liberty. It was at that time, that the CIA began to establish contacts to Uyghurs seeking secession. Some, like Erkin Alptekin, who have worked for the CIA\'s Radio Liberty, are - in the meantime - on the forefront of the secessionist movement writes analyst B. Raman, the Indian government\'s former cabinet secretary.[3] Alptekin became the founding president of the World Uyghur Congress, established in Munich in April 2004, which, according to Beijing, has ties to terrorist milieus.[4]
In the Foreign Ministry
Alptekin\'s successor Rebiya Kadeer, who, at the end of the 1990s was the richest business woman in the People\'s Republic of China, has been living in exile in the United States since 2005. In November 2006, she was elected president of the World Uyghur Congress - in Munich - and, at this occasion, visited Berlin for the first time. Only a year later, in October 2007, she met with representatives of German party-affiliated foundations and the German Bundestag\'s Human Rights Committee in addition to holding talks with the German Foreign Ministry.[5] She is being systematically groomed to become the Uyghur PR overseas symbol - corresponding to the model of the Dalai Lama, appealing for sympathy for Tibetan separatism. Rebiya Kadeer (Mother of the Uyghurs) has been proposed several times already as a candidate for the Nobel Peace Prize. Her biography was introduced in the German National Press Conference, receiving the German media\'s attention, at the time.
Three Peoples
The German media points with interest to the fact that Xinjiang, the region threatened by secessionists, is very significant to China. It constitutes a geo-strategic bridgehead to Central Asia and is rich in mineral resources; in particular extensive oil and natural gas deposits are believed to be in Xinjiang, as well as gold and uranium. But above all, the Uyghur secessionists are in no way acting in isolation. Alongside their contacts to western government circles, they also maintain close ties to the secessionists of the autonomous regions of Tibet and Inner Mongolia. Our three peoples are linked through geography, history and more recently also Chinese occupation, claimed the Dalai Lama in the late 1990s. I remain optimistic that in the not too distant future the true aspirations of the peoples of East Turkestan, Inner Mongolia and Tibet will be fulfilled.[6] The sympathy Berlin feels toward the Uyghur secessionists is based on hopes that the strategic rival, the People\'s Republic of China, could be seriously weakened by the loss of an enormous amount of territory leading from Tibet to Xinjiang to Inner Mongolia.
Please read also: Strategies of Attrition (I), Strategies of Attrition (II), Strategies of Attrition (III), Strategies of Attrition (IV), The Olympic Lever, The Olympic Torch Relay Campaign, Operations Against China, Particularly Manipulative, Mobilize at Any Time, Olympics in Beijing and Smash China.
[1] Conference to Celebrate Uyghur Week; www.unpo.org 18.05.2009
[2] Civilians and armed police officer killed in NW China violence; Xinhua 06.07.2009
[3] B. Raman: US and Terrorism in Xinjiang; South Asia Analysis Group, Paper No. 499, 24.07.2002
[4] China Seeks Int\'l Support In Counter-Terrorism; People\'s Daily Online 16.12.2003
[5] see also Strategies of Attrition (IV)
[6] B. Raman: US and Terrorism in Xinjiang; South Asia Analysis Group, Paper No. 499, 24.07.2002