南非总统警告西方勿对非洲说教应反思投资战略
英国《金融时报》3月4日刊发题为《南非总统警告西方勿对非洲说教》的文章，祖马告诫西方，不要反对非洲国家与中国往来，而是要反思自己的投资战略。主要内容如下：
南非总统雅各布·祖马(Jacob Zuma)警告西方企业，它们必须改变对非洲的“殖民主义”老方式，否则就将在中国和其它大型发展中国家不断加速的竞争面前失去更多。
祖马在接受采访时对英国《金融时报》表示，西方国家的企业和政府存在一个“心理上的问题”，仍倾向于对非洲进行说教。他建议西方不要警告非洲国家提防中国的拥抱，同时反思西方本身的投资战略。
“我曾对西方国家的私营部门人士说：‘瞧。如果你们希望重新得到非洲，你们就必须改变自己与非洲打交道的方式。如果你想把非洲当作一个前殖民地来对待……那么人们就会转向以不同方式对待自己的新伙伴，”他表示。
他特别提到矿业企业作为例子，指控这些企业仍只对采掘矿石感兴趣，无意在东道国培育配套产业。
祖马发出对中国和其它发展中国家的友好信息之际，正值南非将在本月首次主办金砖国家(Brics)峰会。去年，南非加入巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国的行列，成为金砖国家集团一员，即便其经济规模仅相当于另外4个国家的一小部分。
祖马也发出一些肯定西方的言论，强调欧洲仍是“老大”，包括非洲的“一些最大商业和贸易伙伴”。他也重提自己在去年发出的针对中国的告诫言论，强调非洲了解受中国支配的各种风险。“非洲不想再次被外人主宰。”
过去10年里，中国在撒哈拉以南的非洲各国扩大了外交和商业联系，让西方措手不及。在对大宗商品巨大需求的推动下，中国提供廉价基建贷款，以获取各种大宗商品，尤其是石油。从2000年至2011年，中非双边贸易从大约110亿美元一路猛增至1600亿美元，但非洲对华出口以石油为主。经济学家们表示，这一不足是需要应对的。
南非执政党非洲国民大会(ANC)坚称中非关系是一件好事，辩称南非拥有相关法律和外交实力，足以捍卫本国利益。(亚历克·罗素译者/和风)
Zuma warns west's 'colonial' corporates
https://www.ft.com/content/7824cc28-83ed-11e2-b700-00144feabdc0
By Alec Russell in Cape Town
Zuma warns west's 'colonial' corporates on linkedin (opens in a new window) Save current progress 0% Alec Russell in Cape Town MARCH 3 2013
Jacob Zuma, South Africa’s president, has warned western companies they must change their old “colonial” approach to Africa or risk losing out even more to the accelerating competition from China and other developing powers.
Western businesses and governments have a “psychological problem” and are still prone to lecturing Africa, Mr Zuma said in an interview with the Financial Times. He advised them to resist warning against the embrace of China and rethink their own investment strategies.
“I’ve said it to the private sector from the western countries: ‘Look. You have got to change the way you do business with Africa if you want to regain Africa. If you want to treat Africa as a former colony …then people will go to new partners who are going to treat them differently’,” he said.
In particular he cited mining companies that he accused of still being interested only in extracting ore and not in fostering support industries, such as diamond-polishing, in the host nations.
Mr Zuma’s warm message to China and other developing nations comes ahead of South Africa hosting its first Brics summit this month. The country was incorporated into the bloc of Brazil, Russia, India and China last year even though its economy is a fraction of the size of the other four.
Mr Zuma tempered his argument by highlighting that Europe was still the “big one” including Africa’s “biggest partners in business and trade”. He also echoed his cautionary comments of last year about Beijing, stressing that Africa was aware of the risks of being bossed around by China. “Africa does not want to be dominated again.”
In the past decade China has wrong-footed the west as it has expanded diplomatic and commercial ties across sub-Saharan Africa. Driven by its hunger for commodities, it has offered cheap infrastructure loans in exchange in particular for access to oil. Between 2000 and 2011 bilateral trade rose from around $11bn to $160bn, but mainly in oil exports to China, a deficit economists say needs addressing.
Human rights groups and western officials have criticised China’s readiness to strike deals with oppressive governments. But South Africa’s ruling African National Congress, which admires China’s state-led capitalism, has promoted the relationship arguing South Africa has the laws and diplomatic clout to defend its interests.
“China is doing business in a particular way and we think we can see the benefits, but we are very, very careful,” he said, citing Africa’s experience of colonialism. Such a relationship must “benefit both. And this is what we and China have been agreeing.”
He said financial institutions had “squeezed Africa”. “Instead of saying: ‘Let us help you’, they come and they say: ‘Change your economic structure. Don’t do this. Do that.’
“Now we are dealing with a new partner who is not putting all these strings attached.”
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